Explain anachronisms (e.g., “Sumaniyya” = Buddhists), theological biases, and comparisons with modern scholarship.
Download the PDF for quick reference, but seek the print version (e.g., "Muslim Sects and Divisions" by Afifi) for serious academic work. al-milal wa al-nihal english pdf
: This is a major English translation covering the section on Islamic sects. You can find excerpts and previews on Google Books The Book of Sects and Creeds (Partial) Explain anachronisms (e
Key English translations and editions (concise overview) Explain anachronisms (e.g.