His central argument—that the "Cartel" was a tangible, monolithic organization much like a Fortune 500 company—was crumbling under the weight of the actual evidence. The more he read official dispatches and newspaper archives, the more the narrative felt scripted.
On the last page, someone—perhaps the professor herself—had written: “The first act of freedom is to name the lie. After that, you are free to fight what is real: the system, not the phantom.” Los Carteles No Existen Oswaldo Zavala Pdf Gratis
. He suggests that the "War on Drugs" is often a cover for the state to clear out residents in resource-rich areas (like northern Mexico) for private profit. A "Useful" Lie His central argument—that the "Cartel" was a tangible,
The first line stopped him cold. Zavala argued that the very concept of the "Cartel" was a linguistic trap, a convenient fiction constructed by the state to justify a war against an enemy that didn't exist in the way the news portrayed it. After that, you are free to fight what
According to Zavala, the idea of the cartels as monolithic, well-organized entities is a myth that has been perpetuated by the media, governments, and even some experts. He contends that this myth has been used to justify the militarized approach to combating organized crime that has been employed in Mexico, which has resulted in thousands of deaths and widespread human rights abuses.
: He suggests that instead of independent crime bosses, the true power behind the drug trade lies within official structures: politicians, corporations, and the military.
You can find further discussions and academic breakdowns on platforms like Reddit's r/stupidpol or through video interviews with the author on militarisation of Juárez