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| Issue | What Often Goes Wrong | Mitigation (per EN 13121‑1) | |-------|----------------------|------------------------------| | | Designers use a single battery bank sized only for the control panel , forgetting the load of sounders and addressable devices. | Clause 5.2 mandates a full‑load power‑budget; include a 20 % safety margin. | | Improper Detector Spacing | Using generic “one‑detector‑per‑30 m²” rule without considering ceiling height, airflow or obstructions. | Perform a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) or a hand‑calculated smoke‑layer rise per Annex B . | | False Alarms | Over‑sensitivity of ionisation detectors in dusty workshops. | Clause 6.3 limits the permissible false‑alarm rate; select multi‑criteria detectors with self‑learning algorithms. | | Inadequate Documentation | Missing battery test logs, leading to non‑compliance during audits. | Keep a digital logbook (ISO 9001‑compatible) that auto‑captures test results from the controller. | | Neglecting System Expansion | Adding new zones later without re‑evaluating redundancy, causing a single point of failure. | Follow Clause 9 – re‑run the fault‑tree analysis whenever the system topology changes. |