Axial turbines, also known as axial flow turbines, are characterized by the direction of fluid flow, which is parallel to the turbine's axis of rotation. In contrast, radial turbines, also known as radial flow turbines, have a fluid flow direction that is perpendicular to the axis of rotation. Both types of turbines have their advantages and disadvantages, and the choice between them depends on the specific application and design requirements.

Axial turbines are widely used in various applications, including power generation, aerospace, and chemical processing. The fluid flow in axial turbines is parallel to the rotational axis, and the blades are typically long and slender. Axial turbines can be classified into several types, including:

Axial and Radial Turbines by Hany Moustapha is a detailed guide that covers the fundamental principles, design, and operation of axial and radial turbines. The book provides in-depth information on the aerodynamic and thermodynamic aspects of turbine design, as well as the latest developments in the field.