The effectiveness of these rituals is largely dependent on individual faith and traditional interpretation.
Mainstream Islamic scholars in Bangladesh and West Bengal are divided. The majority issue a Fatwa of Haram (forbidden), stating: lojjatun nesa tabijer kitab
: Traditional narratives often claim much older origins, with some vendors marketing "original" versions linked to ancient Egyptian or Indian magical traditions, sometimes referred to as Lengta Lojjatunnesa or Indrajal . The effectiveness of these rituals is largely dependent