(Data provided typically includes bond energies). Answer: Equation: $\frac12\textN_2(\textg) + \frac32\textH_2(\textg) \rightarrow \textNH_3(\textg)$ Using Bond Energy data (approximate values from typical data booklet): $\Delta H_f = \sum \textBond Energies (Reactants) - \sum \textBond Energies (Products)$ $\Delta H_f = [\frac12(\textN\equiv\textN) + \frac32(\textH-\textH)] - [3(\textN-\textH)]$ Calculation: $\Delta H_f = [\frac12(994) + \frac32(436)] - [3(391)]$ $\Delta H_f = [497 + 654] - [1173] = 1151 - 1173 = -22 \text kJ mol^-1$.
Group 2 and 17 trends, specifically the thermal stability of nitrates and the oxidizing power of halogens. A Level H2 Chemistry 2021 Paper 3 Answers