: The standard 1982 classification (often associated with Isakov , 1977) categorized the disease into three stages:

: This doesn't form a clear message. "Okru" could be a misspelling or abbreviation, and "upd" might stand for "update" or could be part of a publication or document identifier.

Current medical practices, often categorized in digital archives as "Upd" (Updated), emphasize a more .

Surgery is often deferred to see if puberty triggers natural "catch-up" growth of the smaller testis.